Umbelliprenin Mediates Its Apoptotic Effect by Hormesis: A Commentary
نویسنده
چکیده
Despite common dose–response curves, a compound may have the opposite effect in small doses as in large doses. This phenomenon is named hormesis. Calabrese et al have reported that many toxic substances, environmental hormones, inorganic compounds, and even irradiation induce hormesis. They modulate the growth of cultured cells in a biphasic fashion, either stimulating or inhibiting the growth of cultured cells at low and high concentrations, respectively. There are 2 hormetic models: overcompensation stimulation and direct stimulation. Overcompensation stimulation is based on observations that the hormetic stimulatory response in the low-dose zone (ie, below the traditional toxic threshold) can result from an overcompensation following an initial disruption in homeostasis. With respect to the time component of this model, the dose response is a series of time-based snapshots. Contrary to overcompensation stimulation, direct stimulation model employs multiple doses with only 1 time point. It can happen by 2 mechanisms: receptor-mediated or cellsignaling-mediated. In several studies, researchers identified an essential cell-signaling pathway as well as the receptor. Umbelliprenin (umb) is a naturally sesquiterpene coumarin, which is synthesized by ferula species. Apoptosis induction is one of the umb effects. Ziai et al investigated the properties of this effect. Based on our previous findings, part of our previous data will be reanalyzed with respect to hormetic dose–response relationship.
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